RFC (Remote Function Call)
For business applications, it is necessary to communicate and exchange information (in pre-defined formats) with other systems.Hence, there are well defined mechanisms to enable this communication. SAP has also provided us with such mechanism called RFC, which stands for 'Remote Function Call'.
Mainly 5 Type of RFC,
1) Synchronous RFC2) Asynchronous RFC
3) Transnational
4) Queued
Synchronous RFC : Requires both the systems (client and server) to be available at the time of communication or data transfer. It is the most common type and is required when result is required immediately after the execution of sRFC.
Asynchronous RFC : It is communication between systems where acknowledgements are not required (it is similar to post card delivery).It doesn't require both the systems to be available at the time of execution and the result is not immediately required to be sent back to calling system.
Transnational : Transactional RFC is an asynchronous communication method that executes the called function module in the RFC server only once, even if the data is sent multiple times due to some network issue. The remote system need not be available at the time when the RFC client program is executing a tRFC. The tRFC component stores the called RFC function, together with the corresponding data, in the SAP database under a unique transaction ID (TID). tRFC is similar to aRFC as it does not wait at the target system (Similar to a registered post). If the system is not available, it will write the Data into aRFC Tables with a transaction ID (SM58) which is picked by the scheduler RSARFCSE (which runs for every 60 seconds).
Queued : Queued RFC is an extension of tRFC. It also ensures that individual steps are processed in sequence.To guarantee that multiple LUWs (Logical Unit of Work/ Transaction) are processed in the order specified by the application. tRFC can be serialized using queues (inbound and outbound queues). Hence the name queued RFC (qRFC).
Creating RFC connection
SM59 is using to Create RFC connection,
Click on the *Create option
Type a name for the RFC Destination and select connection type , different type of connections are there. we are using connection type 3 (ABAP Connection). after it click *Connection test option in the screen.
In technical settings tab select a option IP or Host Name and type in *Target Host and type the *Instance No. and go to next tab Logon and Security
Fill the details of the target system to logon
After that click *Connection test option, 
If it like the above image, the connection test is fine go back and click on *Remote login option
Click *Start SAP Easy Access to logon target system
Now you are the Target system session.
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